Usually there is two kind of fluid in this kind of exchanger, one of the fluids is cold fluid and the other is hot fluid and heat exchanging occurs between fluids.

These exchangers include two parts, one is been called tube and the other shell,

One fluid flows in the tube and the other flows in the shell.

The mechanism of these exchangers is such that the cold fluid enters from one side and the warm fluid enters from the opposite side in a way that the heat exchanges between both fluids. This is how the cold fluid can gain heat through the heat exchanging system and at the same time the warm fluid loses its heat these exchangers have different types, all according to standards and they practice different mechanism, from all kinds of these exchangers we can point these types:

Fix Tube Sheet exchangers

Floating Tube Sheet exchangers

Kettle exchangers

 Shell & Tube exchangers include two types:

Tube Bundle

.   Shell

Each of these collections cleaves to smaller pieces like:

Body Flange، Tube Sheet ، Nozzle ، Pipe ، Gasket,

The using standards for design these exchangers are Asme SecVШ and TEMA and the software using for design these exchangers are Pv Elite , B.jac , Nozzle Pro.